Chapter 7: Emergency Work Eligibility

Public Assistance (PA) provides assistance for two types of emergency work following a presidential declaration: Category A (Debris removal) and Category B (Emergency protective measures). Proper implementation of these components is essential for communities to regain stability, ensure public safety, and restore essential services.

I. Eligibility Considerations for Emergency Work

FEMA provides Public Assistance funding for emergency work that must be executed immediately to save lives, protect public health and safety, protect improved property, or eliminate/lessen an immediate threat of additional impacts and damage.

Temporal Threat Frameworks

The definition of an immediate threat varies by the nature of the incident context:

General Incident: The threat of additional damage or destruction that can reasonably be expected to occur within 5 years of the declared incident. The declared incident must have caused the threat, but the threat itself can be driven by a different secondary hazard (e.g., post-fire rainfall triggering debris flows under a wildfire declaration).
Flood Incident: An immediate threat defined specifically as a threat from a 5-year flood, which has a 20 percent chance of occurring in any given year.

Structural Deadlines & Program Constraints

Completion Deadlines: The regulatory timeline to complete emergency work is 6 months from the declaration date unless an extension is formally authorized by the recipient or FEMA. FEMA considers the urgency with which applicants proceed when evaluating overall eligibility.
Private Nonprofit Limitations: Eligible emergency work for PNPs is strictly limited to debris removal from the facility property and emergency protective measures to prevent damage to an eligible facility and its contents. If a PNP provides broader emergency services at the request of a government entity, funding must flow through the legally responsible government entity as the applicant.
SLTT Government Flexibilities: For state, local, Tribal Nation, and territorial (SLTT) applicants, evaluating facility eligibility is not necessary for most emergency work; eligibility is driven primarily by the immediate threat and legal authority.

II. Debris Removal (Category A)

Debris clearance, removal, recycling, and disposal are eligible under Category A if the work is in the public interest to eliminate threats to life, public safety, or improved property, or to ensure the economic recovery of the community at large.

Explicit Right-of-Way Rules

Debris left by the incident on improved public property and public rights-of-way (ROWs), including federal-aid roads, is eligible for removal. If SLTT governments authorize residents to move incident-damaged debris from residential, non-commercial properties to the public ROW, the removal is eligible.

Commercial Curbside Restrictions

Ineligibility Notice: Commercial debris placed on the public ROW by business owners is completely ineligible for removal unless an exception is granted for extraordinary circumstances. Removal of materials related to the construction, repair, or renovation of any private structure is likewise ineligible.

Ineligible Debris Locations

Debris removal is prohibited from the following locations:

Federally maintained navigable channels and waterways under the specific authority of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) or the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG);
Land utilized strictly for agricultural purposes; and
Natural, unimproved land, such as heavily wooded areas or unused open spaces.

A. Hazardous Limbs, Trees, and Stumps

Eligible vegetative debris includes standing trees, limbs, or stumps that are damaged to the extent that they pose an immediate threat to improved property or public-use areas like sidewalks and playgrounds.

Canopy Extraction Standards

Hazardous Limbs: Removal of broken limbs or branches hanging over improved public property is eligible. Limbs on private property are only eligible if they extend over the public ROW and can be cleared from the ROW without entering private property. Funding is limited strictly to the minimum cut necessary to eliminate the threat.
Hazardous Trees: Standing trees are eligible if they present a hazard due to severe root, trunk, or stem damage, or exhibit an emergency lean. If a tree has 50 percent or more of its root-ball exposed, full removal and filling the root-ball hole are eligible; separate unit costs for the tree and root-ball are prohibited. If less than 50 percent of the root-ball is exposed, funding is limited to a flush cut at ground level, and stump grinding is ineligible.
Hazardous Stumps: Stumps with 50 percent or more of the root-ball exposed are eligible for extraction and hole filling. If grinding in place is less costly than extraction, it is eligible. Stumps with less than 50 percent root-ball exposure are limited to a flush cut.

Sensitive Archaeological Site Protocols

EHP Intercention: Stump extraction in areas with high potential for archaeological resources requires FEMA Environmental and Historic Preservation (EHP) consultation with the SHPO/THPO. Work must stop immediately if artifacts are discovered. In highly sensitive areas like cemeteries or tribal lands, a qualified monitor meeting the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualification Standards is required.

B. Waterways Debris Removal

Debris removal from waterways is eligible only to eliminate immediate threats to life, public safety, or improved property.

Depth and Clearance Metrics

Navigable Waterways: For applicants legally responsible for maintaining non-federal navigable waters, debris removal is eligible to a maximum depth of 2 feet below the pre-disaster low-tide draft of the largest vessel utilizing the facility. If a tree remains rooted to an embankment but floats in the stream, the cost to cut it at the water's edge is eligible.
Non-Navigable Waterways: Removal from natural or constructed channels is eligible if the debris blocks intake structures, threatens bridges/culverts, or causes flooding to improved property during a 5-year flood event. Work must be coordinated with the NRCS Emergency Watershed Protection program to prevent duplication of benefits.

Survey Mapping Restrictions

Prohibited Practice: Random sonars or general surveys to search for debris are completely ineligible. Funding for side-scan sonar is permitted only if the applicant has already identified a localized debris impact zone and demonstrates the need to map a specific immediate threat.

C. Privately Owned Vehicles and Vessels

Removal of abandoned vehicles and vessels from public property is eligible only if they block access to a public-use area, the applicant follows formal local laws for private property removal, and the handling is rigorously documented. Storage costs are eligible for a limited window to identify the owner; if the owner is found, the applicant must pursue cost recovery and credit FEMA.

D. Disposal Mechanics and Compaction Reductions

Volume Reduction: Costs for mulching, grinding, or burning vegetative debris to conserve landfill capacity are eligible. Sand spoils cleared from public areas may be deposited on public beaches if it represents the most cost-effective disposal method.
Recycling Revenue: If the applicant receives revenue from recycling debris, FEMA reduces PA funding by the net revenue amount. If the contract allows the contractor to keep salvageable material to lower their bid price, no further recovery is required.
Hand-Loaded Compaction Penalties: Hand-loaded trucks and trailers achieve roughly half the compaction of mechanical loading. FEMA limits funding to 50 percent of the certified volumetric capacity for hand-loaded vehicles hauling vegetative debris.
Open Tailgate Penalties: Trucks operating without solid tailgates cannot be packed to full capacity. FEMA applies a automatic 15 percent reduction, funding a maximum of 85 percent of the certified capacity.
Landfill Tipping Fees: Reimbursable tipping fees are limited strictly to operational fixed costs (equipment, permits, closure funds) and variable costs (labor, utilities). Special taxes or fees funding other government infrastructure or general public works are ineligible.

III. Emergency Protective Measures (Category B)

Emergency protective measures executed before, during, and after an incident are eligible if they eliminate or lessen immediate threats to life, public health, or improved property.

A. Core Lifesaving and Health Operations

Eligible Category B activities include, but are not limited to: flood fighting; Emergency Operations Center (EOC) operations; provision of emergency access; medical care; evacuation and sheltering; search and rescue; firefighting; security barricades/fencing; public dissemination of health warnings; and mass mortuary services.

B. Emergency Protective Measures on Private Property

Category B work on private property is restricted to widespread threats impacting public health and safety. Eligible private property actions are generally limited to:

Demolition of unsafe private structures in imminent danger of complete collapse over public areas;
Large animal carcass removal;
Installation of fiber-reinforced sheeting on damaged roofs (Operation Blue Roof—Direct Federal Assistance only);
Pumping contaminated septic tanks or decontaminating private wells causing an immediate pollution threat; and
Urgent emergency access provision and localized slope stabilization.

C. Pre-Positioning and EOC Operations

Pre-Positioning: Costs to pre-position equipment and supplies are eligible if the resources are ultimately deployed for eligible emergency work within the declared area. Resources may be staged outside the declared area if used for search and rescue, evacuation, or sheltering transport.
EOC Coordination: Costs to operate an EOC are eligible, including increased utility expenses, facility lease costs, supplies, and staff operational meals.

D. Increased Operating Costs

Short-term increased operating costs are eligible only if directly required to execute specific emergency health and safety tasks. Eligible examples include water testing/treatment supplies in the immediate aftermath of an incident, or fuel and electrical utility fees for increased pump station operations.

Operating Cost Exclusions

Ineligibility Notice: Ineligible operating costs include general patient care, administrative activities, school make-up days (including bus fuel or mileage to transport students to alternate schools), alternate source utility procurements, and any costs for staff retained for additional hours who did not perform explicit emergency work.

E. Flood Fighting and Emergency Access

Flood Fighting: Sandbagging, dewatering behind a levee via breaching or pumping, and increasing levee heights are eligible to protect improved property, even on structures under the USACE Rehabilitation and Inspection Program (RIP). Repairing deliberate levee breaches made by the applicant to accomplish dewatering is eligible. Dewatering agricultural or natural areas is completely ineligible.
Emergency Access: Work to clear debris or execute temporary repairs on cut-off roads or bridges to open pathways for emergency responders is eligible. Work on private or gated roads is permitted if it represents the sole access point, eliminates the need for temporary housing, and the applicant secures rights-of-entry and indemnification. Work is strictly limited to making the access route passable.

F. Hazardous Materials Response

Eligible chemical and pollutant stabilization measures include separating hazardous waste from overall debris, specialized handling/disposal procedures, pumping contaminated water, and site cleanup. Short-term testing to ensure the immediate threat is eliminated is eligible, but testing for long-term remediation planning is ineligible. Operations must utilize certified hazardous waste specialists and comply with the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).

G. Supply, Commodity, and Meal Distributions

Commodity Delivery: Purchasing, packaging, and distributing life-sustaining supplies (food, water, ice, hygiene kits, cots, blankets, tarps, temporary generators) to the impacted community is eligible. Mass care feeding operations executed by SLTT or PNP organizations are fully eligible, including provisions for household pets.
Personnel Meals: Provision of meals and beverages to employees and volunteers executing emergency work is eligible only if individuals are not receiving per diem, and a pre-disaster labor policy mandates it, or disaster severity forces abnormal extended shifts without a meal break. Reimbursement is strictly limited to bulk meals brought directly to the worksite; restaurant group outings are ineligible.

IV. Emergency Medical Care & Evacuations

A. Emergency Medical Care

FEMA funds extraordinary costs to operate emergency rooms and temporary medical facilities when the local healthcare system is destroyed or overwhelmed. Costs are eligible for up to 30 days from the declaration date. Extensions require a policy exception approved by the Assistant Administrator for the Recovery Directorate at FEMA Headquarters based on a rigorous options-and-cost analysis.

Customary Medical Allowances

Eligible medical care line items are limited to:

Triage, patient assessment, first aid, and medically necessary diagnostic tests;
Treatment, stabilization, and medical monitoring;
A one-time 30-day supply of prescriptions for acute or maintenance conditions;
Durable medical equipment (DME) (oxygen equipment, wheelchairs, walkers, hospital beds, crutches);
Consumable medical supplies (CMS) (medications, Narcan, diapers, bandages); and
Vaccinations for survivors and emergency workers to prevent infectious outbreaks.

Admitted Patient & Insurance Exclusions

Duplication Restriction: FEMA determines cost reasonableness using Medicare's cost-to-charge ratio. Costs are ineligible if underwritten by private insurance, Medicare, or Medicaid; applicants must document a patient-by-patient verification showing third-party billing was pursued. All medical costs cease the moment a survivor is formally admitted to a medical facility on an inpatient basis. Follow-up or long-term treatments and general hospital administrative expenses are completely ineligible.

B. Evacuation Protocols

Transportation to evacuate and subsequently return survivors, luggage, DME, service animals, assistance animals, and household pets is eligible. The mode of transport must be customary and appropriate. Evacuation of exhibition, livestock, or agricultural animals is ineligible, with the sole exception of turtles.

Domesticated Pet Classifications

Household pets are restricted to domesticated animals traditionally kept in the home for pleasure (dogs, cats, birds, rabbits, rodents, turtles) that can be carried on commercial transport. Reptiles (except turtles), amphibians, fish, insects, arachnids, and farm animals are strictly excluded.

Tracking and Ambulance Staging Caps

Eligible tracking activities include utilizing animal microchips, GPS tags, and electronic registries for reunification. Contracts for staging ambulance services must be part of a formal regional evacuation plan. Staging costs are eligible even if the disaster misses the ambulance service area, but funding terminates the moment evacuation is complete or the immediate threat has subsided. Vehicle costs for self-evacuees are ineligible.

V. Sheltering Frameworks

A. Congregate Sheltering

FEMA provides funding to SLTT governments for congregate shelters operating 24 hours a day or as limited-hour warming/cooling centers. Funding is restricted strictly to the time the facility is actively housing disaster survivors.

Congregate Cost Groupings

1. Shelter Facility Costs

Eligible items include facility rent/lease (including kitchen space), utilities, generator costs, and secure medical storage. Minor modifications to achieve Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) compliance or establish a functional pet shelter or shelter childcare zone are eligible, as are costs to clean and restore the building to its pre-disaster state.

2. Shelter Staff Costs

Reimbursable personnel lines cover medical staff, personal assistance service staff, veterinary/animal workers, public information officers, custodial crews, food service workers, and National Guard personnel.

3. Supplies and Commodities

Covers meals, snacks, cooking supplies, pet food/bowls, animal crates/cages, cots, linens, infant formula, personal hygiene kits, and basic communications (one television per 50 survivors, one computer per 25 survivors, internet, and laundry washers/dryers at a 1:50 ratio).

4. Shelter Services

Covers shelter management, laundry services, and shelter security. Reimbursable care for survivors with disabilities includes personal assistance services (grooming, bathing, toileting, dressing, and cot-to-wheelchair transfers). Medical services are limited to immediate life-stabilizing triage, short-term crisis intervention/psychological first aid, medical waste disposal, and transmissible disease vaccinations (including Bordetella/kennel cough vaccines for sheltered pets).

B. Non-Congregate Sheltering (NCS)

NCS provides an increased level of privacy over congregate layouts and is restricted to hotels, motels, dormitories, and retreat camps.

Staging & Notification Rules

Applicants must notify their FEMA Regional Administrator and Headquarters within 5 days of initiating any NCS operations. Traditional hotel/dorm setups do not require advance approval, but non-traditional facilities (recreational vehicles, travel trailers, condominiums, short-term rentals/Airbnb, or ships) require strict advance pre-approval from the Assistant Administrator for the Recovery Directorate at FEMA Headquarters.

Per-Room Flat Pricing Structure

NCS funding is processed strictly on a flat per-night, per-room amount. Unlike congregate setups, there is no separate reimbursement for facility staff, utilities, or supplies; all operational costs must be built directly into the base room charge.

Support Service Caps

Operational Limits: Feeding support, basic casework, and shelter support services are capped at the initial 30 days of NCS operations. They may extend only if routine community access to food and utilities remains disrupted and is heavily documented.

Explicit Non-Congregate Exclusions

The following expenses are completely excluded from NCS projects:

À la carte amenities or ancillary charges, including room service, pay-per-view movies, or parking fees;
Costs incurred to reserve blocks of rooms that go unoccupied by a verified, displaced disaster survivor;
Any facility repair costs or room damages caused by the sheltered survivors; and
Long-term disaster case management or professional mental/behavioral health services.

Timeline Extensions and Habitability Data

The 30-Day Household Audit

Any NCS operation extending past the initial 30 days requires an explicit time extension request submitted to the Regional Administrator 7 days prior to expiration. Extensions are issued in 30-day increments, up to a maximum of 6 months from the declaration date. Content past 6 months requires direct approval from FEMA Headquarters. For work to remain eligible past day 30, the household must be registered with IA, have its primary residence confirmed as uninhabitable or inaccessible, and reside in a county designated for both IA and PA.

Mandatory Weekly Data Elements

To preserve funding eligibility and prevent fraud, applicants must compile and report a data index to FEMA on a weekly basis. The reporting framework must capture the following tracking fields:

FEMA IA Registration ID (if issued);
Head of household first name, last name, and active phone number;
Damaged primary dwelling street address, city, state, and zip code;
Total number of sheltered individuals/households and units occupied broken down by county;
Pre-incident primary residence habitability status; and
Explicit shelter check-in and check-out dates alongside shelter site identification names.

Recipients must forward this information weekly to the FEMA Data Sharing Support Box. Data streams are cross-checked by FEMA's Recovery Reporting and Analytics Division (RRAD) against active IA distributions to dynamically confirm the ongoing need for shelter and eliminate a duplication of benefits. Personally identifiable information (PII) transfers must be governed by a signed Information Sharing Access Agreement (ISAA) or Data Sharing Addendum (DSA).

C. Host-State / Host-Tribe Evacuation & Sheltering

If an impacted jurisdiction must evacuate survivors outside its borders, it coordinates with a host-state or host-tribe. Only congregate layouts managed by the host entity are eligible for PA funding.

Direct Funding Provisions

FEMA provides PA funding directly to the host jurisdiction as the recipient, provided the impact-state requested the aid, the host signs a formal FEMA-State Agreement, and the host accepts all evacuees without restriction based on need. FEMA covers 100 percent of the host's eligible costs (including straight-time and benefits for its permanent personnel) so the host incurs zero out-of-pocket expenses.

Impact-State Reimbursement Rules

Cost-Share Clawbacks: The impact-state remains legally responsible for the non-federal cost share. FEMA bills the impact-state for the local share percentage established in the original disaster declaration. The impact-state is strictly barred from offsetting this financial debt using the volunteer labor or donated resources generated within the host-state.

Eligible Host Allowances

FEMA reimburses the host for unique out-of-state parameters:

Straight-time and benefits for mutual aid or contracted subrecipients supporting the host.
The full cost to maintain the requested shelter capacity, even if the facility went completely underused or empty.
Costs incurred by on-duty law enforcement to detain, hold, or arrest evacuees who commit crimes within the congregate shelter, excluding court charging, booking, and chemical test fees.
Up to 5 nights of hotel lodging for patients discharged from hospitals after all congregate shelters have closed, while awaiting return transport.
Total return transit costs (air, rail, or bus) for survivors, pets, and service animals once the impact-state declares re-entry is safe, including food and security during transit.
Embalming, cremation, and transportation of an evacuated decedent's remains back to the impact-state, executed by an impact-state agency.

Host-State Cash Prohibitions

The host must audit medical or ambulance bills against the patient's private insurance, Medicare, or Medicaid, as FEMA deducts these coverages from the project. The purchase and distribution of gas cards, bus passes, cash vouchers, debit cards, food stamps, or direct cash payments to evacuees are completely ineligible.

VI. Specialized Emergency protective Mandates

A. Infectious Disease Incidents

The Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) holds primary authority for infectious disease responses. In a Stafford Act declaration, FEMA coordinates directly with the CDC to assist with the evacuation, movement of supplies, and temporary sheltering of affected human populations. When activated, FEMA will issue explicit Disaster-Specific Guidance (DSG) defining the exact eligibility boundaries for that specific pandemic or outbreak.

B. Mosquito Abatement Criteria

Mosquito spraying and abatement are eligible only when an SLTT public health official issues a formal written validation certifying that the localized mosquito population poses a specific transmissible health threat. FEMA consults with the CDC to evaluate the SOW, and funding is limited strictly to the disaster-related increased cost. Eligible funding is calculated by taking the total disaster abatement cost and subtracting the applicant's average baseline abatement expenses from the 3 most recent non-disaster years.

C. Post-Incident Safety Inspections

Building department officials can claim costs for executing post-incident safety evaluations to determine if structures are safe for entry, occupancy, and lawful use. This covers the placement of safe-occupancy placards (such as "red-tagging" or "green-tagging" buildings) for public and private structures.

Damage Assessment Separation Rule

Audit Mandate: Applicants must explicitly substantiate that the purpose of the inspection was solely for structural public safety and code enforcement. Any inspection activities executed to compile a damage assessment or estimate repair costs for insurance/grants are completely ineligible under this category.

D. Animal Carcasses Removal

The removal and disposal of animal carcasses—including interim burning, rendering, mounding, or composting—is eligible. If executed as part of the overall debris operation, it is funded under Category A; if treated as an isolated health task, it is Category B. FEMA may require written public health threat certifications from the local health department, HHS, or the USDA. Small carcasses (rodents, opossums) are ineligible unless a specific epidemic threat is certified. Work is blocked if the NRCS exercises its carcass disposal authority.

E. Community Elections and Polling Work

Public Assistance funds election-related work to ensure the continued function of local government governance. If a disaster damages voting equipment or renders polling places unusable due to structural collapse or power blackouts, PA covers the temporary cleanup, stabilization, or equipment staging costs, subject to the declaration cost-share.

F. Damage Caused by Emergency Work Execution

If an applicant accidentally damages improved public property, supplies, or equipment during eligible debris clearing or emergency protective operations, the repair costs are eligible as a sub-line item within the active Category A or B project.

Operational Damage Constraints

To qualify for project reimbursement, the applicant must demonstrate the damage met three parameters:

It was caused by severe, unavoidable environmental conditions resulting from the incident;
It was entirely unavoidable during proper execution of the work; and
It was not caused by improper operator use, operator negligence, or excessive equipment strain.

Ground Cover Restoration Bar

Ineligibility Notice: The replacement of damaged trees, ornamental shrubs, lawns, or ground cover destroyed by heavy equipment during debris removal is completely ineligible for replacement. Crops and agricultural features are likewise excluded. For vehicle or machine damage, applicants must submit maintenance records proving the equipment was in good operational order prior to the event. Damage caused by snowplows operating outside the approved 48-hour window is completely ineligible.

VII. Emergency Repair, Stabilization, and Berms

A. Slope Stabilization Measures

If a landslide or slope instability is triggered by the disaster and directly threatens life or improved property, emergency stabilization is eligible. FEMA funds only the least costly option to alleviate the immediate threat, and the SOW is limited strictly to the area of the immediate threat, never the entire hillside.

Eligible Stabilization Line Items

Reimbursable stabilization measures are limited to:

Installing emergency drainage channels or ground protection (sheeting, rip-rap placement);
Executing partial excavation at the head of a sliding mass to reduce its driving weight;
Backfilling or constructing structural buttresses at the toe of the slide using gabions, rock toes, cribwalls, binwalls, or soldier pile walls; and
Installing heavy impact barriers to redirect debris flows away from improved structures.

B. Mold Remediation Guidelines

Facilities inundated or exposed to prolonged high humidity are eligible for emergency mold remediation to eliminate public health threats. Eligible activities are restricted to wet vacuuming or HEPA vacuuming interior surfaces; removing contaminated gypsum board, plaster, carpets, and ceiling tiles; and cleaning HVAC ductwork and plumbing mechanical fixtures.

Professional Sampling Restrictions

FEMA funds mold sampling only if performed by an independent indoor environmental professional (a certified industrial hygienist, certified indoor environmental consultant, or certified microbial consultant). To prevent conflicts of interest, the testing professional must not be employed by or financially tied to the remediation contractor. Pre-remediation sampling is funded only if it reveals the presence of mold; post-remediation testing is eligible to confirm cleanup is complete.

Deferred Maintenance Disallowance

Maintenance Audit: Mold remediation is completely ineligible if the growth resulted from poor facility maintenance, pre-existing leaks, or a failure to extract water in a reasonable time. FEMA reviews structures for evidence of deferred maintenance, such as improperly sealed windows, standing water against exterior foundations, rusted/clogged gutters with vegetative growth, or water-stained ceiling tiles. Growth is eligible only if caused by documented extenuating blocks like a total breakout of the power grid, an extended period where the building was underwater, or an unpassable road blocking access.

C. Emergency Sand Berms on Beaches

If a natural or engineered beach erodes to the point where improved property is endangered, constructing temporary emergency sand berms is eligible under Category B to provide protection against a 5-year storm.

Dune Elevation and Surge Calculations

To establish eligibility, the applicant must demonstrate via engineering data that the total water level (TWL)—the 5-year still water level surge plus predicted wave runup—exceeds the post-incident elevation of the primary dune crest. Locations where the dune profile falls below the TWL line qualify for sand placement.

Linear Volume Limits

Quantity Caps: FEMA limits funding for emergency berms to a maximum volume of 6 cubic yards per linear foot of sand placed above the 5-year still water level or the pre-incident profile line, whichever is less. Placing sand below the still water line is funded only if structurally necessary to form a physical base for the berm.

Dune Grass and Staging Bans

Placement of dune grass on the emergency berm is eligible only if required by environmental permit and it represents an enforced, uniform practice across all projects within the jurisdiction. Grass placement costs must be factored into the initial project cost-effectiveness review, and any downstream maintenance of the vegetation is ineligible. Applying sand volumes into an aggregate multi-disaster total for future beach nourishment is completely prohibited.

FEDERAL REGULATIONS & LAWS CITED

2 C.F.R. § 200.318 (General Procurement Standards) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-2/section-200.318
44 C.F.R. § 206.44 (FEMA-State Agreement) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-44/section-206.44
44 C.F.R. § 206.201 (Definitions) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-44/section-206.201
44 C.F.R. § 206.202 (Application Procedures) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-44/section-206.202
44 C.F.R. § 206.204 (Project Performance) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-44/section-206.204
44 C.F.R. § 206.221 (Definitions) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-44/section-206.221
44 C.F.R. § 206.223 (Public Assistance Work Eligibility) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-44/section-206.223
44 C.F.R. § 206.224 (Debris Removal) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-44/section-206.224
44 C.F.R. § 206.225 (Emergency Protective Measures) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-44/section-206.225
44 C.F.R. § 206.226 (General Requirements for Disaster Grant Assistance) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-44/section-206.226
44 C.F.R. § 206.227 (Snow Assistance) - https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-44/section-206.227

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