/resources/section-428-alternative-procedures-for-infrastructure-restoration

Section 428 can give FEMA PA applicants major flexibility—but only if they understand the fixed-cost risk before accepting. This Govstar guide explains how Alternative Procedures shift recovery from actual-cost reimbursement to capped fixed-cost grants, allowing fund sharing, excess-fund retention, faster project delivery, and resilience investments. Topics include Standard vs. Alternative Procedures, Fixed Cost Offers, expert panel review, 18-month and 30-day deadlines, excess funds, mitigation SOW rules, O&M insurance, procurement, closeout, OIG audit risk, and the no-appeals rule after acceptance.